Secondary causes of headaches

Cerebrovascular diseases

Stroke
Cerebral hemorrhage
Berry aneurysm
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subdural hematoma
Temporal arteritis
Carotid artery dissection
Vertebral artery dissection

Hydrocephalus
Space-occupying mass
Post-traumatic headache
Reduced brain oxygen

Hypoxia
Anoxia
Carbon monoxide poisoning

Infection

• Fever
• Sinusitis
• Middle ear infection (otitis media)
• Meningitis
• Cerebral abscess
• Influenza

Thyroid problems

• Hypothyroidism
• Hyperthyroidism

Diabetes
Obesity
Hypoglycemia
Hypertension
Hypotension (primary or due to medications)
Anemia

• Iron deficiency anemia
• Folic acid deficiency anemia
• Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
• Polycythemia
• Magnesium deficiency

Vitamin D deficiency
Depression
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Allergies
Temporomandibular joint (jaw joint) disorders (TMJ)
Teeth grinding (bruxism)
Wisdom teeth/other dental problems
Refractive errors
Acute glaucoma
Rheumatic diseases
Uremia
Dialysis treatment
Secondary to medicine

• Excessive use of painkillers
• Starting/stopping use of antihistamines
• Starting/stopping use of SSRI
• Starting/stopping use of antihypertensives
• Starting/stopping use of pseudoephedrine
• Starting/stopping use of opiates
• Starting/stopping use of corticosteroids

Caffeine addiction